Simulated weightlessness by tail-suspension affects follicle development and reproductive capacity in rats

Weightlessness is known to induce many pathophysiological changes in various organs and systems in simulated weightlessness animal models. However, there is limited data on the effects of weightlessness on the female reproductive system. In the present study, we used the Morey-Holton hind limb suspension model to simulate weightlessness in female rats. We have shown that this weightlessness induces alterations in follicle development, ovarian hormone secretion, proliferation and apoptosis of granulosa cells, and reproductive capacity. These results demonstrate that simulated weightlessness decreases follicle number, enhances follicular atresia, inhibits granulosa cell proliferation, promotes granulosa cell apoptosis, affects levels of hormone secretion, and significantly decreases reproductive capacity. In addition, our results show that the negative effects of microgravity on the reproductive functions in female rats are reversible when gravity is restored.